Healthful Substitutions

• 1 teaspoon baking powder equals 1⁄2 teaspoon each cream of tartar and baking soda
• 1 square baking chocolate equals 3 tablespoons cocoa plus 1 tablespoon butter or 3 tablespoons carob plus 2 tablespoons water
• 1 cup sugar equals 3⁄4 cup honey or 11⁄4 cups molasses or 3⁄4 cup pure maple syrup
• 1 cup white flour equals 3⁄4 cup whole wheat flour or 3⁄4 cup graham flour or 1 cup whole wheat pastry flour
• 1 cup butter equals 1 cup margarine or 7⁄8 cup vegetable oil
• 1 cup buttermilk equals 1 cup milk plus 13⁄4 tablespoons cream of tartar
• 2 eggs equal 1 egg plus 2 egg whites or 2 tablespoons oil plus 1 tablespoon water
• 1 cup milk equals 1⁄2 cup evaporated milk plus 1⁄2 cup water or 3 tablespoons powdered milk plus 1 cup water
• 1 cup sour cream equals 1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar and 1 cup evaporated milk or 1 cup plain yogurt or 1 cup buttermilk
• 1 cup whipped cream equals 1 cup nonfat milk powder whipped with 1 cup ice water or 1 four ounce (125 g) package non-dairy whipped topping